Abstract: In response to the shortcomings of traditional transformer cooling technology, such as low heat transfer efficiency, poor temperature control accuracy, high energy consumption, and delayed regulation response, under high temperature, full load, and overload conditions, this article proposes a fuzzy PID adaptive control transformer intelligent fine atomization cooling system. Experiments and engineering applications have shown that compared to conventional air cooling and oil cooling, this system can reduce the top temperature rise of transformers by 5-15 ℃ under extreme working conditions, reduce operation and maintenance costs by 60%, slow down insulation aging, extend equipment service life by 2-3 times, significantly improve transformer operation and grid power supply stability, and provide a new technological path for efficient thermal management of main transformers.